Background: General introduction to a topic that provides context for the paper's Focus and Thesis Statement.
Focus: Often preceding the Thesis Statement, the Focus is the narrow topic the author aims to address.
Justification: Explaining why the article you're about to read is an important contribution to scholarship on the topic. The Justification will often point out errors or gaps in the work of other scholars.
Literature Review: A summary of the scholarship written on a topic. In a scholarly article in the humanities, literature reviews can take up to one or two paragraphs and are often integrated with or leading up to the Justification.
Roadmap: Commonly following the Thesis Statement, and sometimes integrated with it, the Roadmap spells out for readers how the article will be structured and the argument developed.
Thesis: The Thesis Statement is usually one or two sentences summarizing the gist of an author's main argument. It commonly appears at the end of the first paragraph, but sometimes it doesn't appear for several paragraphs, especially in a longer paper or an article that requires a lengthier introduction.